Background: This question is largely inspired by one of the answers in: What limits the size of digital imaging sensors?
So the answer mentions uber-large image sensors that are made by "quilting" or "tiling" smaller CMOS sensors in a single silicon. Now, I've seen quite a few astronomy images that uses this kind of humongous sensor.
One of the example image is this:
Question: How can you eliminate the horizontal and vertical strips of missing photo? Is this kind of thing even possible or the astrophotography photos are heavily photo shopped?