Yes, you can use a Macro lens as long as you are able to attach the Nikon CFI Plan 10x microscope objective to the front filter threads and have it close to the front element.
If the Nikon 105mm f/2.8 macro has a recessed front element, it may not be possible to get good results.
There will be no vignetting with lenses that 100mm or more.
Source: Extreme Macro
An infinity objective is a model objective that is designed to be used
in connection with another lens, a tube lens, also known as relay
lens. For extreme macro, a tube lens can be a standard non macro
telephoto lens: macro lenses tend to be optimised for nearby focus and
can have quite far recessed front lenses. Zooms also work but use them
at the long end. Dedicated tube lenses are also available.
When used this way, the Nikon CFI 10x objective will still cover an
APSC-sized sensor, but the Mitutoyo will not. Both objectives cover
APSC on a 135mm tube, and give 6.75:1. You don't want to go under
100mm for a tube lens as this may give vignetting in the corners.