This only sets the ITPC copyright line, assumes the EXIF date information is correct, and has to be done per individual year, but it works for me.
In the Library module, if your photos are filed by date, select the year's folder in the Folders pane. Alternatively, if your photos are not filed by date, select your entire Library, apply the Metadata filter, and select a year in the Date column.
Do a Select All (Ctrl/Cmd-A) to select all of the year's photos. Make sure you've only got the single year's worth of photos selected.
Click on the Sync Metadata button.
Make sure that only the checkbox for Copyright is selected (it's the only field you want to sync up).
Fill in the text you want for your copyright. I'm old fashioned and prefer the entire "Copyright (c)YYYY myname. All rights reserved." type text, but it's up to you.
Repeat Steps 1-5 for each year's worth of photos in your catalog.
Alternatively, you could also write a script using exiftool, but that requires some basic programming chops and familiarity with command line tools.