I'm very interested in learning about algorithms in photography (in particular processing photos). In addition to algorithms, I'm interested in learning about photo formats (probably RAW and jpeg the most).
I basically want some good starting points for being able to start writing my own photography-related software and to better understand how existing software works. Examples might include things like noise reduction, combining images for hdr, cloning/healing, adjusting exposure, filters, etc.
(As a side note, are there popular toolkits or libraries that a lot of people use for writing software like this or is everyone reinventing the wheel :-)?)