An initial note.
You are mentioning "linear blur" which makes me think that additionally to myopia you have astigmatism, and that is a different situation than the one described in your question.
So, for myopia. Basically is that you can not focus on distant objects, so you are only focusing up close.
As you are asking on a photography forum, so first let me answer from a photography perspective.
A. Simply add a magnifying glass in front of your camera. I added a simple lens (Attached to tweezers) As your myopia is pretty strong I would say that your focusing distance is just some cm, so this case is perfect. You can see my finger. (Do not forge my fingerprint)
That is an accurate representation of focusing very close to the eye with some distant objects.
B. I also took a lame picture without the glass, so let's use a digital filter on postproduction.
"I started playing with blur effects"
As you are not mentioning any software, let us use Gimp which is free.
Go to the menu Filters > Blur > Lens Blur and play with the values on Radius and Highlight factor (C)
Of course, this has limitations, and the limitations come also because of the limitations of the dynamic range of the cheap cellphone camera I used, but this filter, (compared to a normal gaussian blur) simulates a bit the rounded shapes of a bokeh. (D)

For a more accurate representation of the light itself, I needed to tweak the values, affecting all the image and making it look "faker". You would need to mask and apply the filter in different amounts.
As I said, this is only addressing myopia. But what you see with your eyes can be affected by astigmatism, and probably some other things, like diffraction caused by your eyelashes, or stuff floating in your intraocular fluid.