I'm trying to understand how lens quality in terms of lp/mm affects the pixels in an image.
Suppose I have a Sony IMX253 (1.1" sensor format, 3.45um pixel size, 4096x3000 resolution). In order to resolve 3.45um pixel size, I need the lens quality to be 145 lp/mm. Say I have two lenses with the same focal length. Lens #1 has a center resolution of 145 lp/mm and lens #2 has center resolution of 72 lp/mm. With lens #1 I take an image of a pattern that looks like the figure below (say this is a 12x12 patch that I cropped from the center of the image). The red texts are pixel column numbers, not part of the image. My questions are:
If I replace lens #1 with lens #2 and take a picture again, what would the image look like? Would columns 2 and 3 just combine into one column of black pixels? Or is it something more like instead of column 6 being a black line, columns 5,6, and 7 would turn a gray color?
I see lens documentations giving a center resolution and a corner resolution. I always see the corner resolution less than center resolution. Is the decrease in resolution from center to corner linear? Are there any lenses that have the same corner and center resolution?
I was hoping to get a 4/3" inch sensor format (Sony IMX540) which has pixel size 2.74 um and resolution 5320x4600. However all 8mm focal lenses I have seen so far (brand names kowa, navitar, fujinon) for 4/3" format are 160 lp/mm center and 80 lp/mm corner (I need 182 lp/mm). For the 1.1" sensor I have seen center/corner resolution of 200/100 lp/mm. It almost seems like getting the 4/3" sensor would give me similar image "quality" (sorry I don't know the appropriate word here) as the 1.1" sensor because of the low lens resolutions available for the 4/3" sensor. Am I correct in this interpretation?