The easiest way I can think of to emulate a shot like this is to do the following:
- Put the camera on a tripod to minimize any inadvertent movement during the shoot.
- Choose a high enough f-stop that you can be assured of a crisp image throughout the depth of field.
- Use autofocus to set the focus with the lights on.
- Switch to manual focus
- Turn the lights off.
- Shoot away.
From a post-production standpoint the biggest thing that looks like is happening is boosted contrast. In fact, that may be the only post-production effect going on... It may have even been done via setting the camera to a 'Vivid' mode (or a similarly named setting, depending on your camera brand of choice). Also, it's likely that the grain in the photograph is caused by using a very high ISO. Alternatively the grain could be simulated in post-production as well.
It looks to me like there isn't any post-production vignette going on, the vignette is simply caused by dropoff from the onboard flash. All in all I think this would be a relatively easy shot to recreate- the majority (or possibly even all) of it appears to have been done in-camera.
Finally, the tripod is probably optional if your f-stop is set high enough... The idea of expensive camera equipment + darkness just leads me to the natural conclusion of 'make the camera as stable as possible so if I accidentally trip and fall over something in the dark like a klutz, at least the camera doesn't go down with me.' YMMV. :-)