The pictures with the girl is obviously a long shutter and some kind of light doing light painting.
It looks like it's one white light and one green that is used.
Apart from that, I can't see any abnormalities on those.
The picture of the sun is directly in to the sun so lens flares are common.
I see a slight lens flare below and to the left of the sun.
Normal in my opinion.
Then there is the picture with the crowd.
There are a few green dots, not sure what they are.
It's not a long exposure picture, so the light has to be rather intense in real life to be that visible on the picture.
I would say Lazer pointers, but that many in such a small area is not likely.
In my opinion the color of the green dots look the same as the girls green light, maybe you could ask her?
Now with the added information it's quite obvious what the issue is.
This is a reflection either inside the lens or between the lens and the UV-filter.
As you can see from the first picture of the girl the green is the exact opposite of the white.
The white is strong at the bottom and fades in a circle, the green is strong at the top and fades in a circle.
I still can't see it in the image with the sun, I find that quite normal. But maybe I'm missing something.
The crowdphoto is most likely a reflection of the bright lights on the right.
If you compare the angles from the photo with the girl it's the same offset.
TL;DR
Take off the UV-filter, most of the time they are not worth it.
They can create a flare/reflection as these pictures show and have very little other positive effects.
The change in color suggests to me that it's reflections between the filter and lens since most lenses are very carefully made to limit the amount of reflections and color shifts.
You probably heard the advice to use a UV-filter to protect the front lens?
While it has some truth, a lens hood is better.
The lens hood will protect the front element from bumps and give a positive effect of blocking light coming from the side. Light coming from the side can make the colors look faded and less contrasting.
Also if you did bump the front element in to a wall with the UV-filter on, the filter would most likely crack. That would mean you knock sharp glass pieces on to the front element of the lens, and that for sure would scratch it.
A typical lens (i.e. not a cheap unbranded one) will have a front element that is tougher than a UV-filter.
Just try it yourself, knock with your fingernail on the front element of the lens and compare the sound with knocking on the UV-filter.
