I believe that focusing on the lighting alone is not enough to understand the greatness of this photo.
The position, and quality of the light and the composition are important but more so in my opinion is the knowledge and skill in relation to film, development and darkroom printing techniques.
I believe he had a comprehensive understanding of the film so he knew how much to over-under expose it in relation to its ASA and the development times he was going to use. The point being that he must have known how to get the best possible negative (or the negative with the dynamic range he wanted) through exposure and development.
Next he had much knowledge and skill in the darkroom printing process. How to properly expose the paper, what paper grade, sheen and weight to use, what chemistry to use, times and agitation, what toners if any.
Yes you can probably come close to matching the lighting but that does not mean you can create a photo that will look like Weston's, (or Adams or other masters) with out knowing all of the other things one needs to know about film, development and printing.
So to answer the question "How to re-create Edward Weston's Pepper No. 30?"
You need to spend copious amounts of time reading, learning, experimenting with films, chemistry, printing papers and techniques. You must input as much information as you can to your brain so that you understand how light behaves, How film "sees" it differently then the brain, how film captures it.
You must spend much time putting that knowledge into practice.* This photo was probably part of the process of putting his knowledge into practice in order to experiment and learn, (that is a supposition on my part) and is what you should do as well.
How dev time and chemistry types effect film, (many types of films).
How to expose different types of paper, how to develop different types of papers.
How to achieve different affects on papers based on enlarger and lens and printing times, dodging and burning.
How toning effects the mood of a black and white print.
You must also know what you want to say with your photos by using light, development, and printing to affect the viewer of your photos.