Only white balance is specific to RAW, but all of those (exposure, blacks, recover, fill, etc) are non-destructive adjustments to the RAW file, so they can be done equally in either program.
If you edit a RAW file with View NX2, then subsequently open the RAW file in Photoshop, Photoshop will not take notice of the adjustments made by View NX2. If you open as a TIF then the adjustments will be factored in, but you will no longer have a raw file, so you've lost the non-destructive benefit and you're no longer working with a RAW file in Adobe Camera Raw.
So it's really pointless to make edits in View NX2, if you intend to make further adjustmens to those same sliders in Photoshop. It just doesn't work. To repeat: either you lose the View NX2 adjustments if you continue to work with the RAW file, or you have to convert to TIF and are no longer working with a RAW file in Photoshop.
The only reason to use View NX2 or Capture NX2 is if you feel (as many do) that they do a better job with the Nikon RAW file. That is, they initially show a better representation of how Nikon believes the image should look, including things like Picture Controls, which ACR does not factor in. But once you start moving sliders, I don't think there is anything View NX2 does better than Adobe Camera Raw.
In my opinion, you're better off opening the RAW file in Photoshop/ACR and doing all your edits there. If you open into Photoshop as a Smart Object from ACR, then you can even go back and make non-destructive changes to the RAW file.
And yes, there is a big difference between adjusting saturation in the RAW editor and doing via an image adjustment, and that is that RAW edits are non-destructive (you can easily reverse or change them), and you can make many RAW changes without degrading the file. This is not true of adjustments made via the Image menu.